Antique spot pattern (Fig. 61) is capable of much variation; the spot, for instance, may be white, pink, green, or gold. To produce it, the colors red, black, and yellow may be thrown on in the same or varying quantities and raked once up and down; afterwards another colour, blue or green, may be thrown on; then the pink for the spot, or gall and water, which will produce white if white paper is used, or gold if a gold surface paper is preferred.

West End pattern, shown by Fig. 62, is also capable of much variation, but commonly consists of two prominent colors besides the veins, one of the colors, generally, the darker, being spotted finely with white. To produce this pattern, mix the colors red, black, and yellow, or as desired, for veins, and throw them on the trough, red first. Then mix, say brown, with a larger proportion of gall and sprinkle it on in large, full spots, so as to drive the other colors into veins. Now with a large brush, well filled, sprinkle gall and water over the entire surface. When well beaten out against the iron pin, the brush will produce very fine spots. Then take some white and mix it with the brown so as to make it lighter, adding also a drop or two of gall; sprinkle this on full so as to produce large light spots, which complete the pat­tern.

Some of the newer patterns of marble papers are produced by mechanical means. One machine works somewhat like the air-brush, the colour being blown on to the paper and making a pattern like Fig. 63.

It is often necessary to size the paper after marbling, and before milling or glazing, and the best way to do this is to fill the trough with size and place the paper on it as for marbling. Of the many sizes, glue is always the basis. An old­ fashioned recipe may be quoted: "Take of the best white soap 2 lb., put it into a large copper with about 20 gals. of water, and when it is quite dis­solved add thereto about 4 lb. of best glue, keep­ing the whole constantly stirred to prevent burning. When both are quite dissolved strain into a tub, and when cool the mixture is ready for use." After sizing, the paper is passed through a calendar, that is a machine with polished steel rollers and with appliances for heating, so as to give a good glow to the paper.

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